Mary, Queen of Heaven

Is Mary the Queen of Heaven, or does this title reflect a Catholic version of the pagan pantheons and their mother of the gods―often a mother, in a very carnal sense, of pagan deities? The Canaanite worship of the "Queen of Heaven" was condemned by the prophets, as was the worship of Diana of the Ephesians, devotion to whom was exceedingly popular before the Gospel arrived among the pagans. It is likewise sometimes asserted that Catholicism, at the Council of Ephesus, restored this pagan devotion under the cover of devotion to Mary. The history of that Council given in the article Mary, Mother of God, refutes that claim. This article notes the true sense in which Mary is Queen, of Heaven, of the Universe, indeed of all Angels and Men.

Queen of Heaven

What then does it mean for Mary to be Queen, whether of heaven or any sense? Scripturally, in the monarchy of Israel the Queen of the Davidic Kingdom was not the wife of the King, but the Queen Mother. The Kings, for reasons of state and human weakness, had many wives, none of whom fittingly could be called Queen. That honor was reserved for the mother of the King, whose authority far surpassed the many "queens" married to her son. We see this is the role Bathsheba played with respect to King Solomon, especially the occasions when the Queen Mothers acted as regent on behalf of juvenile successors to the throne.

The role of the Queen Mother, therefore, is a prophetic “type” of the Kingdom role of Mary, just as the role of the Davidic King is a prophetic “type” of the Kingdom role of Jesus. Jesus inherited the Kingdom promised to David, who was told that one of his descendants would rule forever. Therefore, His Mother was both prepared for, and inherited for eternity, the Kingdom role of Queen Mother. The angel Gabriel essentially revealed this fact to Mary at her Annunciation,

Behold, you will conceive in your womb and bear a son, and you shall name him Jesus. He will be great and will be called Son of the Most High, and the Lord God will give him the throne of David his father, and he will rule over the house of Jacob forever, and of his kingdom there will be no end." (Luke 1:31-33)

If the Incarnate Son's Kingdom has no end, then His mother never ceases to be his mother in that kingdom. 

Aside from the prophetic types present in the Kingdom of Judah, there is also the text of Psalm 45, which when speaking of the Kingdom of God also speaks of its Queen.

Psalm 45:6-11 (KJV)  Thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever: the sceptre of thy kingdom is a right sceptre. 7 Thou lovest righteousness, and hatest wickedness: therefore God, thy God, hath anointed thee with the oil of gladness above thy fellows. 8 All thy garments smell of myrrh, and aloes, and cassia, out of the ivory palaces, whereby they have made thee glad. 9  Kings' daughters were among thy honourable women: upon thy right hand did stand the queen in gold of Ophir. 10  Hearken, O daughter, and consider, and incline thine ear; forget also thine own people, and thy father's house; 11 So shall the king greatly desire thy beauty: for he is thy Lord; and worship thou him.

That Kingdom ruled by God is the same as the Kingdom ruled eternally by the Son of David. It is not an earthly kingdom, though it is present on earth in the Church, but a heavenly kingdom. The Queen of that Kingdom is the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Mother of the Lord, Jesus Christ. From all eternally the King foresaw her, preserved her immaculate from original sin at her conception, and perfected her by the superabundance of graces He offered, and she never refused - a fitting Queen for a perfect King.

(revised 09/25)

First published:
Solemnity of the Incarnation
Year of the Father, 1999

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