A History of the Church: To the Eve of the Reformation
A HISTORY OF THE CHURCH
To the Eve of the Reformation
by Philip Hughes
Vol. 1: -711
CHAPTER 1: THE WORLD IN WHICH THE CHURCH WAS FOUNDED
- 1. THE ROMAN IMPERIAL UNITY
- 2. THE PAGAN RELIGIONS OF THE ROMANO-HELLENISTIC CULTURE
- 3. THE RELIGION OF THE JEWS
- 4. TENDENCIES IN THE RELIGIOUS WORLD OF THE FIRST CENTURY A.D.
CHAPTER 2: THE FOUNDATION OF THE CHURCH
- 1. THE FOUNDER
- 2. THE FIRST GENERATION
- NOTE A: THE END OF JEWISH CHRISTIANITY
- NOTE B: ST. PETER AT ROME
CHAPTER 3: THE FIRST CONTACTS WITH THE PAGAN RELIGIOUS WORLD
- 1. THE RELIGIOUS WORLD OF THE SECOND CENTURY
- 2. THE FIRST APOLOGISTS
- 3. THE GNOSTICS AND THE CHURCH
- 4. ST. IRENAEUS OF LYONS
- 5. MARCION -- MONTANISM
CHAPTER 4: THE CRISES OF THE THIRD CENTURY
- 1. THE EASTER CONTROVERSY
- 2. MONARCHIANS -- SABELLIUS -- ST. HIPPOLYTUS
- 3. THE PENITENTIAL CONTROVERSY -- ST. CALIXTUS I
- 4. THE SCHISM OF NOVATIAN
- 5. ST. CYPRIAN AND ROME
- 6. THE SCHOOL OF ALEXANDRIA -- ORIGEN
- 7. MITHRAISM
- 8. THE MANICHEES
- 9. DENIS OF ALEXANDRIA -- PAUL OF SAMOSATA
CHAPTER 5: THE WAY OF CHRISTIAN LIFE
CHAPTER 6: THE CHURCH AND THE PAGAN ROMAN EMPIRE
- 1. THE STATE -- HOSTILE AND TOLERANT
- 2. THE STATE DE-PAGANISED
- NOTE C: THE CHRISTIAN VIEW OF THE PERSECUTING STATE
CHAPTER 7: THE ARIANS, 318-359
CHAPTER 8
- THE CATHOLIC RESTORATION. 359-382
CHAPTER 9: ROME AND THE CATHOLIC EAST. 381-453
- 1. THE PRIMACY OF HONOUR. 381-419
- 2. EPHESUS. 427-433
- 3. CHALCEDON. 446-452
CHAPTER 10: THE TRADITIONAL FAITH AND THE IMPERIAL POLICY
- 1. THE AFTERMATH OF CHALCEDON. 452-518
- 2. JUSTINIAN. 527-565
- 3. BYZANTINE CATHOLICISM. 565-711
------------------------------------------------------------------ ------
Vol. 2: 313-1274
CHAPTER 1: THE CHURCH IN THE WEST DURING THE LAST CENTURY OF THE IMPERIAL UNITY, 313-30
- 1. THE DONATIST SCHISM, 311-393
- 2. ST. AUGUSTINE AND THE DONATIST SCHISM
- 3. ST. AUGUSTINE AND THE HERESY OF PELAGIUS
- 4. THE INFLUENCE OF ST. AUGUSTINE
- 5. PRISCILLIAN
- 6. THE ROMAN SEE AND THE WESTERN CHURCHES
CHAPTER 2:THE CHURCH AND THE DISRUPTION OF THE IMPERIAL UNITY, 395-537
- 1. THE SOCIAL AND POLITICAL SITUATION IN THE FOURTH CENTURY: DIOCLETIAN TO THEODOSIUS, 284-395
- 2. SOCIAL AND POLITICAL CHANGES DURING THE FIFTH CENTURY, 395- 526
- 3. THE CHURCHES OF THE WEST DURING THE CRISIS SPAIN, AFRICA, GAUL
- 4. THE ROMAN SEE AND ITALY
- 5. ST. PATRICK AND THE CONVERSION OF THE IRISH
- 6. ST. BENEDICT AND THE HOLY RULE
CHAPTER 3: ST. GREGORY THE GREAT AND THE BEGINNINGS OF RESTORATION
- 1. ST. GREGORY, FOUNDER OF THE MIDDLE AGES
- 2. ITALY, GAUL AND SPAIN IN THE CENTURY OF ST. GREGORY
- 3. THE CHURCH IN ROMAN BRITAIN: THE CONVERSION OF THE ENGLISH, 313-735
- 4. MAHOMET AND THE RISE OF ISLAM
- 5. SPANISH CATHOLICISM AND ST. ISIDORE OF SEVILLE, 589-711
CHAPTER 4: THE CHURCH AND THE CAROLINGIAN EMPIRE, 714-814
- 1. THE HERESY OF THE ICONOCLASTS
- 2. THE WORK OF ST. BONIFACE
- 3. THE ORIGIN OF THE PAPAL STATE
- 4. THE FIRST YEARS OF THE PAPAL STATE
- 5. CHARLEMAGNE, 768-814
CHAPTER 5: THE SIEGE OF CHRISTENDOM, 814-1046
- 1. THE BREAK-UP OF CHARLEMAGNE'S EMPIRE, 814-888
- 2. CAROLINGIAN CATHOLICISM: PIETY, LEARNING, MISSIONS
- 3. EASTERN CATHOLICISM: THE END OF ICONOCLASM: THE SCHISM OF PHOTIUS: 813-925
- 4. THE ROMAN SEE AND THE DISSOLUTION OF THE EMPIRE, 814-900
- 5. THE ROMAN SEE AND THE ANARCHY, 900-1046
- 6. CATHOLIC LIFE DURING THE ANARCHY: ABUSES, REFORMERS, MISSIONARY CONQUESTS
CHAPTER 6: THE RESTORATION OF SPIRITUAL INDEPENDENCE, 1046-1123
- 1. THE MOVEMENT OF REFORM AND ST. GREGORY VII, 1046-1123
- 2. THE SCHISM OF CERULARIUS
- 3. . THE OFFENSIVE AGAINST ISLAM: SICILY, SPAIN, THE EAST. 106- 1099
- 4. THE MONASTIC RENAISSANCE: CHARTREUSE, CITEAUX, PREMONTRE
- 5. THE RENAISSANCE OF CATHOLIC THOUGHT
- 6. THE FIRST GENERAL COUNCIL IN THE WEST
CHAPTER 7: THE AGE OF ST. BERNARD, 1123-1181
- 1. ST. BERNARD
- 2. THE PROGRESS OF CATHOLIC THOUGHT: ABELARD -- GILBERT OF LA PORREE -- HUGH OF ST. VICTOR -- PETER LOMBARD -- GRATIAN -- ROLAND BANDINELLI
- 3. THE ROMAN SEE IN THE GENERATION AFTER THE CONCORDAT OF WORMS, 1123-1153
- 4. THE LATIN EAST, 1100-1151
- 5. THE IMPERIAL MENACE TO THE FREEDOM OF RELIGION: (I) FREDERICK BARBAROSSA AND ALEXANDER III, 1154-1177
- 6. THE GENERAL COUNCIL OF 1179
CHAPTER 8: THE CRISIS OF THE MIDDLE AGES, 1181-1198
- 1. THE IMPERIAL MENACE TO THE FREEDOM OF RELIGION: (2) THE EMPEROR HENRY VI
- 2. THE DISASTERS IN THE LATIN EAST, 1150-1197
- 3. CATHOLIC THOUGHT: THE MENACE OF ARISTOTLE AND AVERROES
- 4. ANTI-CLERICALISM, HERESY AND ANTI-CATHOLICISM: WALDENSES, JOACHIM OF FLORA, ALBIGENSES
CHAPTER 9: INNOCENT III AND THE CATHOLIC REACTION, 1198-1216
- 1. THE CRUSADE AGAINST THE ALBIGENSES
- 2. ST. DOMINIC AND THE FRIARS PREACHERS
- 3. ST. FRANCIS AND THE FRIARS MINOR
- 4. INNOCENT III AND THE CATHOLIC PRINCES
- 5, INNOCENT III AND THE LATIN EAST
- 6. INNOCENT III AND THE REFORM OF CATHOLIC LIFE: THE GENERAL COUNCIL OF 1215
CHAPTER 10: THE THIRTEENTH CENTURY: ACHIEVEMENT AND PROBLEMS, 1216-1274.
- 1. THE IMPERIAL MENACE TO THE FREEDOM OF RELIGION: (3) THE EMPEROR FREDERICK II.
- 2. THE CRUSADE OF ST. LOUIS IX, 1247-1254
- 3. INNOCENT IV AND THE PAPAL MONARCHY
- 4. THE END OF THE HOHENSTAUFEN: URBAN IV, CLEMENT IV AND CHARLES OF ANJOU
- 5. THE INQUISITION
- 6. THE TRIUMPH OF THE CATHOLIC INTELLIGENCE: ST. BONAVENTURE, ST. ALBERT THE GREAT, ST. THOMAS AQUINAS
------------------------------------------------------------------ ------
Vol. 3: 1274-1520
CHAPTER 1: GESTA PER FRANCOS, 1270-1314
- 1. BL. GREGORY X AND THE GENERAL COUNCIL OF LYONS, 1270-1276
- 2. THE SHADOW OF ANJOU, 1276-1285
- 3. FRANCE AND THE SICILIAN WAR, 1285-1294
- 4. BONIFACE VIII, 1294-1303
- 5. PHILIP THE FAIR'S LAST VICTORY, 1303-1314
CHAPTER 2: 'THE AVIGNON CAPTIVITY', 1314-1362
- 1. CRISIS IN THE WORLD OF THOUGHT
- i. The Problem of Church and State
- ii. The Problem of Faith and Reason
- 2. THE TROUBLED TIMES OF JOHN XXII
- i. The Friars Minor
- ii. The Last War with the Empire, 1314-1356
- iii. Marsiglio of Padua
- iv. The End of John XXII
- 3. THE AVIGNON REGIME
- i. The Centralised Administration
- ii. The Popes, 1334-1362
CHAPTER 3: THE RETURN OF ST. PETER TO ROME, 1362-1420
- 1. INFELIX ITALIA, 1305--1367
- 2. THE POPES LEAVE AVIGNON, 1362-1378
- 3. CHRISTIAN LIFE, MYSTICS, THINKERS
- 4. THE SCHISM OF THE WEST, 1378-1409
- i. The Two Conclaves of 1378.
- ii. Discord in each 'Obedience,' 1379-1394.
- iii. Benedict XIII's Quarrels with the French, 1394-1403
- iv. The Roman Popes, 1389-1406
- v. Benedict XIII and Gregory XII, 1406-1409
- 5. THE CHURCH UNDER THE COUNCILS, 1409-1418
- i. Pisa, 1409
- ii. Constance, 1414-1418
CHAPTER 4: FIFTY CRITICAL YEARS, 1420-1471
- 1. THE MENACE OF HERESY AND SCHISM, 1420-1449
- 2. THE RETURN OF ISLAM, 1291-1481
- 3. THE RETURN OF THE ANCIENT WORLD
CHAPTER 5: 'FACILIS DESCENSUS. . .' 1471-1517
- 1. A PAPACY OF PRINCES
- SIXTUS IV
- INNOCENT VIII
- ALEXANDER VI
- JULIUS II
- LEO X
- 2. CHRISTIAN LIFE AND THOUGHT, 1471-1517
- 3. LUTHER
